<p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">土工防滲膜施工是在薄膜的一側(cè)或兩側(cè)貼上土工布，形成復(fù)合土工防滲膜，其形式有</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E4%B8%80%E5%B8%83%E4%B8%80%E8%86%9C&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">一布一膜</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">，二布一膜等。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">土工布作為土工膜的保護(hù)層，使保護(hù)防滲層不受損壞，為減少</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96%E7%BA%BF%E7%85%A7%E5%B0%84&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">紫外線照射</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">，增加抗老化性能，盡量采用埋入法鋪設(shè)。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體"><img src="/public/uploads/images/20220803/655df89982106d45e46ebec618f06205.jpg" title="1.jpg" alt="" width="644" height="566"/></span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">施工中，先要用料徑較小的砂土或粘土找平基面，然后再鋪設(shè)土工膜，土工膜不要繃得太緊，兩端埋入土體部分呈波紋狀，之后在所鋪的土工膜上用細(xì)砂或粘土鋪一層</span>10cm<span style="font-family:宋體">左右過度層，砌上</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">20-30cm</span><span style="font-family:宋體">塊石</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">(</span><span style="font-family:宋體">或砼</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E9%A2%84%E5%88%B6%E5%9D%97&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">預(yù)制塊</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px">)<span style="font-family:宋體">作防沖保護(hù)層，施工時，應(yīng)盡力避免石塊直接砸在土工膜上，盡量是邊鋪膜邊進(jìn)行保護(hù)層的施工，</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E5%9C%9F%E5%B7%A5%E8%86%9C&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">復(fù)合土工膜</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">與周邊結(jié)構(gòu)物連接應(yīng)采用</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E8%86%A8%E8%83%80%E8%9E%BA%E6%A0%93&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">膨脹螺栓</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">和鋼板壓條錨固，連接部位要涂刷</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E4%B9%B3%E5%8C%96%E6%B2%A5%E9%9D%92&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">乳化瀝青</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px">(<span style="font-family:宋體">厚</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">2mm)</span><span style="font-family:宋體">粘接，土工布廠家以防該處發(fā)生滲漏。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">土工膜的接縫處理是一個</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E5%B7%A5%E5%BA%8F&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">關(guān)鍵工序</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">，直接影響防滲效果，一般接縫方式有：</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri">①</span><span style="font-family:宋體">搭接：搭接寬度宜大于</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">15cm</span><span style="font-family:宋體">。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri">②</span><span style="font-family:宋體">熱焊：宜于稍厚的土工膜基材，焊縫搭接寬度不小于</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">5CM(</span><span style="font-family:宋體">不推薦膠接，長時間水浸泡易開膠，防滲效果差</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">)</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">根據(jù)多年實踐證明，防滲膜厚度不小于</span>0.25mm<span style="font-family:宋體">，太薄可能產(chǎn)生氣孔，且易在施工中受損而降低防滲效果，土工膜施工中，特別要注意做到鋪設(shè)不宜過緊，不得打皺，拼接要牢固。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體"><img src="/public/uploads/images/20240617/c7d1b41d7b17052a9ee04f52986780fa.jpg" title="1718614262346.jpg" alt="1718614262346.jpg" width="600" height="521"/></span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體"></span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">施工方法：</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px">1<span style="font-family:宋體">，長絲或</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E7%9F%AD%E4%B8%9D%E5%9C%9F%E5%B7%A5%E5%B8%83&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">短絲土工布</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">的安裝通常用搭接，縫合和焊接幾種方法，縫合和焊接的寬度一般為</span>0.1m<span style="font-family:宋體">以上，搭接寬度一般為</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">0.2M</span><span style="font-family:宋體">以上，可能長期外露的土工布，則應(yīng)焊接或縫合。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px">2<span style="font-family:宋體">，土工布的縫合。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">所有的縫合必須要連續(xù)進(jìn)行</span>(<span style="font-family:宋體">例如，點縫是不允許的</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">)</span><span style="font-family:宋體">，在重疊之前，土工布必須重疊至少</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">150mm</span><span style="font-family:宋體">，縫針距離織邊</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">(</span><span style="font-family:宋體">材料暴露的邊緣</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">)</span><span style="font-family:宋體">至少是</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">25mm</span><span style="font-family:宋體">。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">縫好的土工布接縫最包括</span>1<span style="font-family:宋體">行又線鎖口鏈形縫法，用于縫合的線應(yīng)為最小張力超過</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">60N</span><span style="font-family:宋體">的樹脂材料，并有與土工布相當(dāng)或超</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E9%98%B2%E6%B8%97%E5%9C%9F%E5%B7%A5%E5%B8%83&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">防滲土工布</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">出的抗化學(xué)腐蝕和抗紫外線能力。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">任何在縫好的土工布上的</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">“</span><span style="font-family:宋體">漏針</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">”</span><span style="font-family:宋體">必須在受到影響的地方重新縫接。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">必須采取相應(yīng)的措施避免在安裝后，土壤，</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E9%A2%97%E7%B2%92%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">顆粒物質(zhì)</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">或外來物質(zhì)進(jìn)入土工布層。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">布的搭接根據(jù)地形及使用功能可分為自然搭接，縫接或焊接。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px">3<span style="font-family:宋體">，在施工中，土工膜上面的土工布采用自然搭接，土工膜上層土工布采用縫接或熱風(fēng)焊接，熱風(fēng)焊接是首先的</span></span><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/search?q=%E9%95%BF%E4%B8%9D%E5%9C%9F%E5%B7%A5%E5%B8%83&search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_source=Entity&hybrid_search_extra={:,:2799442883}"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋體">長絲土工布</span></span></span></a><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">的連接方法，即用熱風(fēng)槍對兩片布的連接瞬間高溫加熱，使其部分達(dá)到融熔狀態(tài)，并立即使用一定的外力使其牢牢地粘合在一起，在潮濕</span>(<span style="font-family:宋體">雨雪天</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">)</span><span style="font-family:宋體">天氣不能進(jìn)行熱粘連接的情況下，土工布應(yīng)采取另一方法一縫合連接法，即用專用縫紉機(jī)進(jìn)行雙線縫合連接，且采用防化學(xué)紫外線的縫合線。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋體">縫合時寬度</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">≥10cm</span><span style="font-family:宋體">，自然搭接時寬度</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">≥20cm</span><span style="font-family:宋體">，熱風(fēng)焊接時寬度</span><span style="font-family:Calibri">≥20cm</span><span style="font-family:宋體">。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px">4<span style="font-family:宋體">，對于縫接，要采用質(zhì)量與土工布相同的縫合線，縫合線要采用抗化學(xué)破壞和紫外光照射能力更強(qiáng)的材質(zhì)。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:Calibri;font-size:14px">5<span style="font-family:宋體">，膜上下兩層土工布在有錨固槽的部位都應(yīng)與土工膜一同埋入錨固槽內(nèi)。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>
